Multiplication is joining small groups into a bigger group.
4 × 7 = 28
Division is splitting a big group into smaller groups.
28 ÷ 7 = 4
Division and multiplication are opposites, just like addition and subtraction are opposites.
Take a look at this model:
To find the total number of circles, instead of counting each circle, we can save time by multiplying.
We first count the number of groups and the number of circles in each group, then we multiply them.
4 groups × 7 circles = 28
28 is the answer, or product.
We can also take the product and divide by either 4 or 7.
Let's try to divide 28 by 4.
When we divide 28 into 4 groups, we get 7 circles in each group.
28 ÷ 4 = 7
The related multiplication problem is:
7 × 4 = 28
Now let's divide 28 by 7.
The answer is...
28 ÷ 7 = 4
The related multiplication equation is:
4 × 7 = 28
Do you see how the same three numbers, (4, 7 and 28) are used in both the multiplication and division?
That's because division is the opposite of multiplication, and multiplication is the opposite of division.
These 4 equations are all related:
4 × 7 = 28
7 × 4 = 28
28 ÷ 4 = 7
28 ÷ 7 = 4
Tip: These related equations are called a fact family. Once you know one fact, you can figure out the other ones in the family!
Now that we know multiplication is the opposite of division, can you show the related division equations to this? 👇
48 × 4 = 192
Great! We can take the product and divide it by either 48 or 4.
192 ÷ 48 = 4
192 ÷ 4 = 48
Let’s try one more.
Can you show the related division equations to this multiplication?
27 × 10 = 270
Yes! Take the product and divide by either 27 or 10.
270 ÷ 27 =10
270 ÷ 10 = 27
Great job learning how division and multiplication are opposites of each other. 😀
Now, complete the practice. It'll help you remember what you just learned for longer.